ACTA1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Data from our study confirmed the previous reports that coffee could reduce CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via reducing collagen deposition and TGF-β1 expression [10, 35, 39, 41, 64] and through mitigating the expression of α-SMA [10, 39, 65] in rat's hepatic tissue reflecting its role in preventing HSCs activation and fibrosis.