Very recently, expression of phosphorylated cyclic-AMP responsive element binding protein (p-CREB, a transcription factor involved in gliomagenesis) was described to be present in astrocytomas but largely absent in prototypic oligodendrogliomas [8], but the sensitivity for identifying 1p19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas was only 70 % and the value of this tool for discrimination of diffuse gliomas awaits further elucidation. The gene discussed is CREB1; the disease is oligodendroglioma.