MTOR and retinoblastoma: In the study of Johnson et al. [55], tumors from 6 of 10 patients treated with the temozolomide (TMZ) were hypermutated and harbored driver mutations in the RB (retinoblastoma) and Akt-mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathways, thereby bearing the signature of TMZ-induced mutagenesis.