DCT and melanoma: When incorporating the tumor-associated Ag TRP2 or NeuED, we found that DCIL-15-based combination DNA vaccines elicited potent therapeutic antitumor immunity against distinct murine established tumors (i.e., 8 d after s.c. inoculation of a lethal-dose of the various tumor cells) including syngeneic native melanoma (B16) (Fig. 1A), glioma (GL26, naturally expressing TRP2) 34 (Fig. 1B and C), and spontaneous metastatic breast tumor (4T1.2-Neu, 4T1.2 ectopically expressing activated onco-antigen rat Neu) 35 (Fig. 1D–F, Table 1).