To investigate clusterin immunostaining in dementias with different primary disease mechanisms (vascular vs. neurodegenerative degeneration), cases were grouped into three categories: cognitively normal controls (young controls, old controls and 95+ controls), dementia of vascular origin (CADASIL, SVD, Swedish hMID, PADMAL and CAA) or neurodegenerative origin (AD and DLB). Here, CLU is linked to Alzheimer disease.