Table 3 shows the association analysis of different models of inheritance for PD1.5 and SLE among the Malays and Indians. The association between PD1.5 and SLE was statistically significant with a p value of 0.0003 and OR of 3.50 (95% CI = 1.74–7.05) under the best-fitting over-dominant model among the Malays (Table 3). On the other hand, the Indian group showed a significant inverse association between PD1.5 and SLE under the best-fitting over-dominant model (p < 0.0001) (Table 3). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.