Compared with the study in Brazil [18], our study cohort had a higher cART coverage (84.4% vs. 53%), higher CD4 counts at enrollment (578.4 vs. 447 cells/uL) and a shorter follow-up duration (2.6 vs. 4.7 years), which may contribute to the observed difference in the incidence rate of active TB. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.