KRAS and familial pancreatic carcinoma: The genetic alterations associated with pancreatic cancer can be classified into a set of 12 core cellular signaling pathways: apoptosis, control of G1/S phase transition, sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling, KRAS signaling, TGF-β signaling, Wnt/Notch signaling, DNA damage control, homophilic cell adhesion, integrin signaling, JNK signaling, invasion, and small GTPase signaling [2].