Our data showed that ARG could induce increase in expression levels of pro-apoptotic factors like p53, Bax, Fas/FasL and caspase cascade with a concomitant decrease in levels of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2, p-Akt and NF-κB, which revealed a novel function of ARG and enhanced the value of ARG as a useful anti-cancer agent. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.