For example, the KRAS oncogene participates in the signaling of the PI3K/PTEN/AKT and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways [136, 137], consequently KRAS mutations constitute about 85% of all of the RAS mutations in human tumours, while NRAS mutations make up approximately 15%, and HRAS account for only 0.12 to 1% [138]. Here, KRAS is linked to neoplasm.