This meta-analysis addressed the association between two polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene and prostate cancer risk, involving 2124 cases and 2219 controls concerning the Arg280His polymorphism from 5 studies, a pooled total of 4215 patients with prostate cancer, and 4220 controls concerning the Arg399Gln polymorphism from 14 studies. This evidence concerns the gene XRCC1 and prostate carcinoma.