The overall data showed that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism may be a risk factor for prostate cancer under the homozygote model (GG vs. AA) and the recessive model (GG vs. AA + AG), indicating that individuals who have the Gln allele are more likely to have prostate cancer (homozygote model: OR = 1.24, 95%CI:1.00–1.53; recessive model: OR = 1.20, 95% CI:1.06–1.36). This evidence concerns the gene XRCC1 and prostate cancer.