Gaze, et al. (21) and Croese, et al. (22) showed experimental hookworm infection cause robust mucosal Th2, Th1, and regulatory responses, and upregulates IL-15 and ALDH1A2 (a complex recognized to elevate Th17 inflammation in celiac disease) in celiac disease patients. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A2 and celiac disease.