PDLIM7 and Epstein-Barr virus infection: Several previously reported findings imply that EBV infection functions as an epigenetic driver for tumorigenesis: (1) EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) could induce expression of DNA methyltransferases in NPC cells and in vitro EBV infection led to extensive DNA methylation 33,34; (2) EBV-positive gastric cancer showed a distinct high hypermethylation profile 34–36; (3) EBV infection of immortalized oral keratinocytes induced a hypermethylator phenotype 37; and (4) EBV could manipulate the polycomb group protein responsible for epigenetic repression of transcription 38.