CD4 and infection: Concerning other therapeutic approaches including HIV vaccines tested so far in humans (reviewed in [66-68]), it should be underscored that in most vaccine trials therapy was interrupted to assess the potency of the immunological control of infection provided by vaccination, and these studies were not aimed at evaluating the immunological recovery with the exclusion of the CD4+ T cell counts, which, however, do not appear to go beyond the restoration provided by cART alone (reviewed in [67,68]).