Leukemogenic fusion genes and gene mutations can induce NF-κB cell signalling pathway in AML [44], and small-molecule NF-κB pathway inhibitors are cytotoxic for AML blasts [45], and the SP1/NF-κB transactivation complex mediated SPARC expression, contributing to leukemogenesis in CN-AML [26]. The gene discussed is SP1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.