We have previously shown that the activated ERK1/2 pathway may play a role, without involving STAT3, in the pathogenesis of γ-ray-induced thymic lymphomas in BALB/c mice4, and also that TLR4-Knockout mice were protected from radiation-induced thymic lymphomas by down-regulation of IL-6 and miR-215. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is thymus lymphoma.