PPAR and AMPK have been the subject of intense investigations in molecular biology, physiology, and pharmacology since they are critical regulators of fatty acid oxidation [29–31] and may be involved to modulate metabolic risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and type 2 diabetes [6,32,33]. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.