The results showed that serum PEDF was elevated in GDM women compared to that in controls, and univariate correlations data in pregnant women demonstrated that serum PEDF level was positively related with fasting glucose and HOMA-IR, a marker of insulin resistance in high-risk patients for cardiovascular disease [26], which implied that GDM women had an abnormal serum PEDF. Here, SERPINF1 is linked to Insulin resistance.