TLR2 and viral infectious disease: Interestingly, it has been suggested that in keratinocytes, neural cells, and epithelial cells TLR2-mediated effects after virus infection require the cooperation of ανβ3-integrin, likely due to the binding of the HSV gH/gL complex to this integrin, leading to NF-κB activation, interferon production, and IL-10 secretion (Figure 1) [85, 86].