To that end key intermediates in this pathway, namely, Myeloid Differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), were individually knockdown using specific siRNAs prior to stimulation with Rv2463 or infection with live M. tb. As shown in (Fig 4), knockdown of MyD88 had no significant effect on either Rv2463 or M. tb mediated CACNA1S expression. The gene discussed is IRAK1; the disease is infection.