DMC1 and RAD51 protein levels were analyzed in four GBM cell lines (U87, LN229, T98 and D54) and compared with three neural precursor cultures derived from unaffected white matter in epilepsy resection surgery in adults (NM32, NM33 and NM53) (Figure 1g), as DMC1 is reported to be expressed in normal brain.35 RAD51 was expressed at similar levels in both normal and neoplastic brain, befitting its role in somatic cell repair. Here, DMC1 is linked to epilepsy.