Some researchers reported that TIMPs induce apoptosis and inhibit invasion by inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) by activating the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) in human lung cancer A549 cells [34]. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and lung cancer.