In models of lateral amyotrophic sclerosis (178), Parkinson’s disease (PS) (191) and Alzheimer’s disease (192), the absence of CX3CR1 has been associated with a worse outcome possibly due to the chronic pro-inflammatory function of CX3CR1-deficient microglia (193, 194). The gene discussed is CX3CR1; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.