For instance, AQP4 inhibition could provide new treatments by reducing cytotoxic edema during early ischemia, whereas vasogenic edema that appears in late ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic stroke could be potentially controlled by increased expression of AQP4, AQP4 up-regulators or activators (Papadopoulos and Verkman, 2007). This evidence concerns the gene AQP4 and ischemia.