Patients with PV and a level of anti-Dsg1 autoantibodies ≥ 100 U/mL showed a lower OS rate at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years, compared with patients with a level of anti-Dsg1 autoantibodies < 100 U/mL (p = 0.039). This evidence concerns the gene DSG1 and acquired polycythemia vera.