These patterns resemble those reported in a well-conducted study of 543 adult ICU patients in which uNGAL levels in patients with AKI increased starting from the time of admission (P <0.0001) and KIM-1 levels first differentiated between non-AKI and AKI patients 24 hours post-admission (P = 0.008) [39]. Here, HAVCR1 is linked to acute kidney injury.