AKT1 and melanoma: In most types of human tumors, such as breast, liver, lung, colorectal, pancreatic, stomach cancers and malignant melanoma, activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways induces changes in biological behaviors, such as malignant transformation, inhibition of apoptosis, increased activity of cell proliferation and metastasis.