We further confirmed these conclusions by demonstrating that co-culturing PCa cells with HMC-1 cells could also decrease the expression of AR downstream target genes including PSA and FKBP5 expression in all four PCa cell lines (Figure 3C), suggesting that more infiltrating mast cells to PCa could increase PCa cell invasion via down-regulation of AR signaling in PCa cells. Here, AR is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.