Conversely, a significantly higher number of CD161-CD8+Vα7.2+ MAIT cells was observed in HIV mono-infected treatment naïve patients (median, 84.1%; range, 34.5–95.7; P = 0.05), HIV/TB co-infected treatment naïve patients (median, 82.2%; range, 58.2–99.3; P = 0.001) and HIV/TB co-infected subjects under treatment (median, 79.4%; range, 36.3–97.9; P = 0.05) when compared to HCs (median, 50.6%; range, 28.1–93.3) (Fig 4C). This evidence concerns the gene KLRB1 and tuberculosis.