Although uPA or plasminogen deficiency did not affect the levels of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and IFN-γ mRNA in the damaged femur, the elevation in CCL3 mRNA levels was suppressed in uPA–/– and Plg–/–, but not in tPA–/– mice. This evidence concerns the gene PLAU and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.