TGFB1 and neoplasm: More significantly, IL-12 has been shown to modulate the hostile tumor microenvironment through multiple mechanisms, including reactivation of anergic TILs, inhibition of Treg-mediated suppression of effector T cells, recruitment of NK cells to the tumor site, and inhibition of IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) secretion by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) [17-19].