Similarly, the 9 overexpressed proteins in the unilateral varicocele group included dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor (DLD), glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 (GSTM3), protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 4 (TGM4), epididymal secretory protein E1 precursor (NPC2), outer dense fiber protein 2 isoform 3 (ODF2), G-protein coupled receptor 64 isoform 2 precursor (GPR64), proteasome subunit alpha type-7-like isoform 2 (PSMA8), histone H2B type 1-A (HIST1H2BA) and protein DJ-1 (PARK7) (Table 5). The gene discussed is TGM4; the disease is varicocele.