When a combined outcome of either mortality or LTFU (n = 506) was used, time-updated severe anaemia remained the strongest independent predictor (adjusted IRR = 4.2 [95%CI, 2.6-6.7]) and time-updated moderate anaemia (adjusted IRR = 2.5 [95%CI, 1.9-3.2]) and time-updated CD4 counts <100 cells/uL (adjusted IRR = 2.5 [95%CI, 1.7-3.8]) were also strong independent predictors, while time-updated HIV viral load, male gender, prevalent TB and incident TB also demonstrated smaller independent associations (data not shown). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is anemia.