Furthermore, these molecules do not inhibit MDM2, so the expression of MDM2 was even remarkably enhanced in either nutlin-3 or MI-219 -treated cells [41,42], which might still exhibit any p53-independent cancer-promoting roles, such as inducing XIAP, to diminish or even abrogate the apoptotic activity of a given small-molecule inhibitor. Here, TP53 is linked to cancer.