Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal, recessively inherited autoinflammatory disease, associated with the MEditerranean FeVer gene (MEFV) and characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and serositis, mostly peritonitis, but also pleuritis, pericarditis and synovitis [1,2]. The gene discussed is MEFV; the disease is peritonitis.