Thus, based on the results of the present study and our previous studies, we propose that tumor cell growth inhibitory or cytotoxic action of PUFAs is likely to be associated with decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory PGE2 and LTB4, COX-2, mPGES and ALOX5 expression and enhanced formation of anti-inflammatory lipoxins, resolvins and protectins. The gene discussed is ALOX5; the disease is neoplasm.