Although the VEGF-targeted agent sorafenib (Nexavar, Bayer Pharmaceuticals) has been shown to have a clinically meaningful overall survival benefit for HCC patients, it produces differential outcomes among HCC patients with different etiologies—for example, hepatitis C virus–related versus hepatitis B virus–related HCC—pointing to the difficulty of treating HCC [10]. Here, VEGFA is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.