In addition to these effects on lipolysis, there is emerging scientific evidence that ApoC-III exerts proinflammatory effects on both monocytes and endothelial cells during the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: ApoC-III was previously shown to induce the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular adhesion molecule-1 in endothelial cells [43]. The gene discussed is ICAM1; the disease is atherosclerosis.