Although serum cytokines levels were not significantly increased in participants with adenomas relative to non-adenoma controls, we observed that the average concentrations for the T-cell activating cytokines IL-12p70 (non-adenoma mean of 24.05 pg/mL; adenoma mean of 10.16 pg/mL), IFN-γ (non-adenoma mean of 29.28 pg/mL; adenoma mean of 15.13 pg/mL), and IL-2 (non-adenoma mean of 7.44 pg/mL; adenoma mean of 3.56 pg/mL), while not significantly different, were lower in patients with adenomas relative to control subjects. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and adenoma.