There is a high degree of homology between human Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase GAD65, a pancreatic enzyme considered to be an important autoantigen involved in T1DM development, and a heat shock protein from the Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, MAP Hsp65, and it has been shown that T1DM patients can have antibodies against MAP Hsp65 [204]. Here, HSPD1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.