ISG15 and viral infectious disease: The MX (Horisberger et al., 1983; Kolb et al., 1992; Haller et al., 1998), TRIM22 (Di Pietro et al., 2013), ISG15 (Hsiang et al., 2009), OAS (Hale et al., 2008), and SFTPA1, B (Reading et al., 1997; Hartshorn et al., 2000) gene are important effectors of innate immune response against viral infections.