Furthermore, we examined genes that are related to metastasis and invasion such as TIAM1 and SCAI. Expression of TIAM1, an invasion factor, increased; whereas, expression of SCAI, a suppressor of invasion, decreased in atypical ductal hyperplasia with breast cancer cells compared with atypical ductal hyperplasia without breast cancer cells (Figure 3E). Here, SCAI is linked to breast carcinoma.