IL4 and colitis: Thus S. mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) [142] or cercariae [143,145] exposure were shown to significantly attenuate trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced [142,143] or DSS-induced [145] colitis in mice by enhancing IL-4 and IL-10 expression, decreasing INF-γ levels [142,143], or through induction of F4/80+ macrophages [145].