DAPP1 and parasitic infectious disease: Since effective clearance of parasitemia is mediated by IgG antibodies against the variant surface glycoprotein and common antigens [28] and death of infected mice is usually associated with overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, it is conceivable that impaired production of IgG antibodies and high production of proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the susceptibility of Bam32-/- mice to T. congolense infection.