There was no difference in the frequency of DENV-NS3 specific IFNγ ELISpot responses in those who were hospitalized due to dengue who were likely to have had a primary dengue infection (responding to serotype specific peptides of only one DENV serotype) when compared to those who had a secondary dengue infection (those who responded to peptides of more than one serotype). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is dengue disease.