Of these, 3 children (9% of those X-rayed, 0.05% of those screened) had a Thacher score > 1.5 and were classified as having active rickets at the time of the medical examination; two of these, a brother and sister, were subsequently diagnosed with hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets with hypercalciuria as a result of mutation in the SLC34A3 sodium phosphate cotransporter gene [6,11]. The gene discussed is SLC34A3; the disease is Hypercalciuria.