HGF and neoplasm: Interestingly, many of the heparin-binding AGFs (i.e., FGFs, HGF, PDGF, CXCL8, Tat and p17) act as pleiotropic cytokines, targeting cell types other than endothelium (i.e., promoting mural cell deposition, stimulating of tumor cell proliferation, maintaining an inflammatory status known to promote tumor progression or enhancing oncogenic virus replication/spreading).