Our data showed that diabetes-induced obvious apoptotic morphological changes (Figure 4) and increased TUNEL positive cells (Figure 3) of testicular cells, as well as increased levels of proapoptotic Bax and decreased levels of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 in testes, were associated with increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation (Figures 2(a) and 2(b)) in diabetes group (Figure 2), suggesting that ROS induces apoptosis of testicular cells in our diabetic mode. This evidence concerns the gene BAX and diabetes mellitus.