In hypoxic conditions as compared to normoxic conditions, however, there was a strong reduction in cytokine production in AML BM-MSCs with significantly lower levels of GM-CSF, stem cell factor and TNF-α (P<0.04), and a trend toward lower levels of MCP-1 (P=0.09; Table 1b). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.