TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: As illustrated in Figure 2, TGF-β1 up-regulates miR-21, miR192, miR-377, miR-382, and miR-491-5p, but down-regulates miR-29 and miR-200 families during renal fibrosis (Kantharidis et al., 2011; Kriegel et al., 2012; Lan and Chung, 2012; Chung et al., 2013a,b).