Following these findings, mutations in the gene coding for the RNA binding protein TDP-43 were discovered in ALS cases (Kabashi et al., 2008; Sreedharan et al., 2008; Van Deerlin et al., 2008) and FTD cases (Borroni et al., 2009; Kovacs et al., 2009). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.